tcsc1769 Melatonin

Melatonin, a hormone produced in the brain, is a potent melatonin receptor activator, and possesses important antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties.

In Vivo: Melatonin increases the levels of activated PTEN, RSK-1, mTOR and AMPKα kinases, mildly inhibits ERK-1/2 phosphorylation and Bad phosphorylation, significantly inhibits phosphorylations of S6 Ribosomal Protein, 4E-BP1, GSK-3α and GSK-3β, and slightly increases PRAS40 phosphorylation in animals^[1]. Melatonin ameliorates the neurotoxiciy and astrocyte activation induced by Aβ_1-42 in the cerebral cortex. Melatonin also blocks the reduction in Reelin and Dab1 expression induced by Aβ_1-42^[2]. Melatonin treatment and lack of NLRP3^-/- share similar inhibition of NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathway in mice. Melatonin treatment and lack of NLRP3^-/- share some patterns of clock genes expression, and improve cardiomyocytes morphology in mice^[3].