tcsc0839 Laquinimod

Laquinimod is a potent immunomodulator; reduces NF-κB activation in astrocytic.

IC50 & Target: NF-κB^[3]

In Vitro: Laquinimod reverses EAE and inhibits pathogenic T cell immune responses. Laquinimod reverses RR-EAE and inhibits inflammatory T cell responses via a direct effect on myeloid APC. Laquinimod alters myeloid APC subsets and inhibits Th1 and Th17 polarization of myelin-specific T cells. Laquinimod-induced type II (M2) monocytes reverse established EAE^[1]. Laquinimod modulates the phenotype of B cells of healthy donors. Laquinimod modulates expression of markers related to regulatory capacity in B cells of RRMS patients. Laquinimod reduces IFNγ cytokine expression in CD4⁺ T cells^[2].

In Vivo: Laquinimod treatment inhibits donor myelin-specific T cells from transferring EAE to naive recipient mice. In vivo laquinimod treatment alters subpopulations of myeloid antigen presenting cells (APC) that include a decrease in CD11c⁺CD11b⁺CD4⁺ dendritic cells (DC) and an elevation of CD11b^hiGr1^hi monocytes^[1].